book

Attributions

Posted on by Brenda Poulos

You’ve used them many times, but perhaps you didn’t know it had a name—or names. Whether you call them attributions, dialogue tags, or speech tags, you need to know how and when to use them. 

Dialogue attribution means writing “XXX said” after the dialogue, at the end of dialogue, or in-between dialogue by the same speaker. They clarify who is speaking, thus guarding against the reader’s confusion. If a conversation goes on too long without a tag, the reader will lose track of who is saying what.

But what if we don’t want to use the monotonous “said” tag over and over again?

We can use “beats” (short descriptions of thought or action) OR structure our dialogue so the reader gets a clue as to is speaking from the text or from the order of speech.

Use tags only when they are needed to clarify who is talking, or as a clever way to add action, facial expression, or reveal something new about your character. They are good ways to break up long sections of dialogue, but using them too often can be distracting for readers. 

A writer can put tags at the beginning, middle, or end of dialogue. My best advice is to use a varied approach.

Using tags such as “Mary said,” or “Mary remarked,” at the beginning of dialogue often takes the reader’s attention away from the dialogue. For variety, use it at the beginning if it is descriptive: Mary looked upward, shielding her eyes from the sun. “It’s only seven o’clock in the morning and I’m already sweating.”

Putting a tag at the end, puts the reader’s focus on the dialogue itself: “It’s only seven o’clock in the morning and I’m already sweating,” Mary said, looking upward and shielding her eyes from the sun.

Finally, using tags in the middle of a character’s dialogue is a good way to break up long lines of dialogue or introduce a natural pause in speech: “It’s only seven o’clock in the morning,” said Mary, shielding her eyes from the sun. “I’m already sweating.”

This last method of tagging is quickly becoming a favorite of mine, but let’s not forget another easily used method of having the “other” person in the conversation using the other’s name: “Mary, you look lovely.” Or, descriptively, you could write: He touched Mary’s arm. “You look lovely.” In both cases speaker one has tagged Mary as the other person in the conversation.

Finally, be sure to put your dialogue inside quotation marks. I recently read a story which failed to use both quotation marks and attributions. As you might expect, I had to put the book down after reading only a couple of pages. The experience left me questioning why we are allowing self-publishing carte blanche…

But that’s another subject for another time…

Read and Write Outside the Box

Posted on by Brenda Poulos

I am sooooo tired of stories about people who have had a relative pass away and being left to renovate a bed and breakfast on a remote island.

Coming up with more original themes for books shouldn’t be that difficult. Let’s start with looking at our own experiences.

A couple of my friends write blogs about the “good old days” and they always get accolades from readers.

Why?

Because these are shared experiences with readers who grew up in the 60’s, like we did. When we talk about lava lamps and hula hoops, they smile and recall what it was like for them.

Readers are drawn to authors who mention events, games, music, food—things they recognize from their own lives.

My grandson’s favorite cake is topped with coconut icing. Watching him eat it reminded me that it was my father’s favorite, too, and that gave me a great idea for a future short story.

Ideas are all around us, if we are willing to think—and write—outside the box.

Readers, Authors Need Your Help!

Posted on by Brenda Poulos

Authors need feedback from readers in order to write enjoyable books for their reading audience.

If you are a reader, here’s how you can help:

  1. Leave honest reviews on Amazon, Facebook, Goodreads, various book-related websites, and authors’ websites. (Below, I’ve included one I just received this week for my latest book, Justice for Jessie: Forgiving the Unforgivable.)

Review from Ann Ferri- Book Bub:   This is a *Must Read* book. It hooks you on the first page and doesn’t let go. It is full of emotions and will keep you turning the pages to see what happens next. This is a new to me author and I loved her writing style and can’t wait to read more of her books. I received an advance review copy for free, and I am leaving this review voluntarily.

2)    Buy their books! Sales reflect customer satisfaction.

3)    Read the authors’ blogs, leave comments, and “follow” them. We really do want to hear from you!

4) Tell your friends about a good book you’ve read—even feel free to loan it to someone. This is a great way to introduce readers to an author who is “new” to them.

As always, thank you for following me. I appreciate your comments.

Brenda

A Common Theme Can Ruin Your Dream

Posted on by Brenda Poulos

I love to watch the television show, “America’s Got Talent.” Not only do I get to see many talented people perform, the show features interesting background pieces on each contestant. 

A common theme running through at least half of them is that the desire to perform was thwarted by friends, parents or other family members. They became discouraged and gave up their dream when they were told they just didn’t have “what it takes.”

That leads me to the subject of writing.

Perhaps you’ve been given some negative feedback about a story you’ve written, leaving you discouraged to think you may never realize your dream of becoming an author.

Just as in the case of developing any talent, authors perfect their craft through practice, by listening to honest feedback, and following suggestions from those more experienced in the field.

Many performers on “America’s Got Talent” have received standing ovations or the coveted “Golden Buzzer.” They  have gone on to realize their dreams.

If you have a talent for writing, share your stories with others and improve by listening to their critiques.

Keep writing. Keep your eye on the prize. Don’t limit yourself. Realize your dream!

The Case for Punctuation

Posted on by Brenda Poulos

I read a book last week which was devoid of punctuation. It was a funny and fascinating read. However, without punctuation, I found myself rereading sections, changing the emphasis of words and phrases as I guessed at the author’s intended meaning.

Whoever “invented” punctuation made a valuable contribution to the meaning and enjoyment of the written word. Something as simple as the placement of a comma can make a huge difference.

In my critique group, we spend time each week discussing the rules of punctuation. If you think that the creativity of writing can be separated from the mechanics of writing, do this simple exercise:

Write a paragraph with no punctuation and give it to a fellow author to read. I promise they will be frustrated  and probably misunderstand your intended meaning.

Punctuation has always been a stickler. But without it, where would we be??? 

Chapters: How Long? How Many?

Posted on by Brenda Poulos

How many pages should comprise a chapter? How does an author know when to finish one chapter and begin another?

Good new: There is no hard and fast rule. Some books don’t even have chapters at all!

I like writing chapters, myself, because they are good break points in the story. Some readers even gauge their reading by chapters. They may always read  a certain number of chapters at a time—more or less depending on how ‘engaged’ they become.

Some authors write a specific numbers of pages in a chapter. I seem to write at a certain rhythm and 10-12 pages is the average length of my chapters.

If chapters are too long, interest may wain and if too short, they may not contain enough “depth.” 

Varying chapter lengths throughout the book will give the book more interest and variety.

Ideally, longer chapters more often are transitional, and shorter chapters are used for fast-paced excitement.

Books written for a younger audience, YA for instance, should have shorter chapters than books gauged for adults.

One thing is essential, however, each chapter should end with a cliffhanger—or at least something that makes the reader want to continue reading. 

Make your readers CRAVE the next chapter. End where the action is the most dramatic.

So how many chapters should a book have?

Different genres lend themselves to certain numbers of chapters. Fast-paced thrillers tend to have shorter chapters.

The more characters and the more intricate the plot, the longer the chapters and the more total chapters in the book.

Complex, non-fiction books should be shorter, unless textbooks or those written for more academic “types”.

More questions or anything to share?

An “Untested” Idea

Posted on by Brenda Poulos

A couple of years ago, I joined a small group of author-friends to publish a collection of novellas.

I approached them this week with the idea of keeping the collection, BUT ALSO BREAKING THEM APART, so we each could publish ours separately.

It would mean a little bit of work and the cost of a new cover for each of us, but the novellas might sell well in a different format.

In a few weeks, I will report on whether this idea worked out well for us or explain the obstacles we encountered.

If you have information about doing something like this—especially if you have done it yourself—would you please share what you’ve learned?

Share Your Favorites

Posted on by Brenda Poulos

I found myself at Target last week, like many of you, reading the beautifully-worded Mother’s Day cards. During the week I saw flower arrangements that could be ordered online. Television ads abounded for jewelry and beautiful sweaters. There were coupons for terrific buys on small appliances at many department stores.

In years past, I would have been making my purchases and anxiously awaiting my mother’s reaction when she opened my gifts.

But, like last year and the year before it, I had no purchases to make. No Mother’s Day meal to cook for my mother who has already passed from this life into the next.

A sweet gift from my daughter came in yesterday’s mail. I will spend part of the day today reminiscing. I will spend the evening with my son and his family, opening my cards with pleasure and thanksgiving for traditions like Mother’s Day that make mothers everywhere feel special.

Some things are different. Some stay the same. Names and faces may change but the spirit of love is still shown across the globe.

I hope you make the grandmothers, mothers, and soon-to-be mothers in your life feel cherished. May you enjoy the opportunity to experience the love of family both today—and always.

By the way, two of my favorite “Mother” books are Runaway Bunny by Margaret Wise Brown and Are You My Mother? By P.D. Eastman. What about you? Care to share your favorites?

Do You Know About Publisher Rocket?

Posted on by Brenda Poulos

The Rocket icon sits patiently on the dock of my Apple Computer. Nearing the end of each book I write, I put it to good use. It is one of the most useful applications I know of.

It helps me choose the optimum categories and seven keywords required. It analyzes data of all kinds to help me identify my competition and see what has—and hasn’t—worked to get them their high ranking. 

The rocket is simple to navigate, easy to understand, and affordable. It is regularly updated, so decisions I make regarding advertising and promotions are based on accurate information.

If you are nearing publication, you owe it to yourself to Google Publisher Rocket and read about it in-depth.

**I will be taking some time away to work on a renovation project for the next few weeks. I should be back to the keyboard in April. Easter Blessings to each of you!

Preparing for a Book Fair

Posted on by Brenda Poulos

I was asked what an author should take to a book fair. Although the answer may seem simple, there are a few decisions to be made so your experience will go smoothly.

1) A bright and wrinkle-free cloth to cover your table.

2) A bowl of wrapped candy, business cards, bookmarks, pens, or other freebies.

3) Change for cash purchases. I wear a fanny-pack instead of using a  cash box. There are those who use the crowded circumstances for their own devious purposes. Take a “square,” if you are accepting credit cards. Don’t accept checks, since that can lead to a disappointing outcome… for YOU.

4) A small poster or banner. I make an 8 x 10 that I put in a plastic frame. Print in color, so it will be eye-catching. Put your name, book covers, and/or pricing information. Which leads to #5.

5) I always price my books at a special “fair savings” and in rounded denominations so that I won’t have to use coins to make change.

6) At the last fair I attended, I noticed several authors had packed their books into small rolling suitcases. The bags I had mine in were heavy and unwieldy. Perhaps the Goodwill Store will have one at a nominal cost…

7) Show interest in your “customers” by standing. Also, to make sure they stop at your table (and not pass you by) say something they cannot resist, such as “Oh, what a cute baby!” Or “Would you like a Tootsie Roll?”

8) There are lots of little things to remember to do ahead of time, like using mouthwash/breath mints. I suggest eating breakfast ahead of time. Maybe it’s just me, but I’m turned-off when I (as a shopper) walk up to talk to an author and they are in the midst of downing a donut!

You ask if book fairs are with the trouble? See my previous post in “Archives.”